Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

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ibsey
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

Post by ibsey »

Faustus wrote:
ibsey wrote:Great insight & I vividly remember HHF slowing down on the Hanger Straight after his superb performance at Sliverstone in 2002. I was gutted for him & the team, so I can't begin to imagine what you must have been going through.

Incidentially I ask this question on the Williams thread but maybe you didn't see it. In your opinion, how much untapped potenial was left within the 2002 Arrows car? IIRC Arrows had a pretty sorted car, but couldn't develop it as much as they wanted because they didn't have the resources / finance to do any testing with it.


Sorry ibsey, I must have missed your post in the Williams thread. Sorry about that.
The Arrows A23 was a good car, no doubt about it, it was definitely very good out of the box, considering how little testing was done. From memory, I think there was 1 shakedown at the Bedford Aerodrome and 2 pre-season tests, in Valencia and Barcelona. There were 2 tests during the season that I remember taking part in, 1 in Silverstone and 1 in Valencia.
Around June, Tom coughed up some money for an upgrade to the car, so we could finally make the parts that we had been developing. The rumour was that he paid for it himself, which I can believe. The upgrade was for a new floor, front and rear wings and some geometry changes to the rear suspension. It worked reasonably well, because Frentzen outqualified the Jaguars, who were always our target, since we had the same engine. With more resources, I honestly think we could realistically have aimed for 5th place in the constructors championship. The BAR wasn't very good, same for the Jordan and the Jaguar, so I do think we could have rivalled Sauber. The Cosworth CR-4 was a seriously good engine all-round, with very good power, decent torque and very good fuel consumption.


Thanks for your kind reply Faustus, you have made my evening. :P

Yes I also suspected 5th in WCC was a possibility since Renault weren't that reliable either & the A23 seemed to be drive able at almost everywhere. Indeed I even remember Bernondi repassing M Schumi at Malaysia...surely a classic moment for fans of F1 rejects.
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

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mario wrote:Still, it was one of those cars where the rumours swirled around it, but never quite seemed to take on a definite form, or result in any form of protest.


I suspect the other teams were also slightly jeaous of how good looking the 98T was, particularly with the JPS livery & Senna's bright yellow helmet (for me one of the most iconic images of F1 ever). Unfornately for the other teams they couldn't protest against the 98T's good looks either.
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

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i have for long wondered if the F92A was actually inside regulations

Image

beside it being an ineffective design i don't think it would have been within rulements...
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Ferrim
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

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I remember Schumacher doing a trick before the 1995 season, when the car and the driver were still weighted together, before the season started, to establish the minimum weight. IIRC he was clearly fatter when the car was weighted than at the inaugural GP at Brazil, with the obvious result of being able to race underweight. How much of truth was on that?

EDIT: a contemporary report on that can be fount at http://www.grandprix.com/ns/ns00081.html

And a completely unrelated report on something that could have completely changed Formula One... http://www.grandprix.com/ns/ns00088.html
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

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karsten wrote:i have for long wondered if the F92A was actually inside regulations

Image

beside it being an ineffective design i don't think it would have been within rulements...


Why there's "Michael" written in the cockpit, I wonder?
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

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ibsey wrote:Ligier placing their fuel tank between the engine & the gearbox in (I believe) 1988. Although it may not have bent any rules at the time, per se. From a commen sense & safety point of view, I question whether it should have been allowed in the first place, given that their was still a high chance of fuel fires were in major crashes at that time. Although I don't think that Ligier ever got into a major crash during that particular year.


At no point that season was the Ligier going fast enough to have a major accident :lol:
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

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Wizzie wrote:
ibsey wrote:Ligier placing their fuel tank between the engine & the gearbox in (I believe) 1988. Although it may not have bent any rules at the time, per se. From a commen sense & safety point of view, I question whether it should have been allowed in the first place, given that their was still a high chance of fuel fires were in major crashes at that time. Although I don't think that Ligier ever got into a major crash during that particular year.


At no point that season was the Ligier going fast enough to have a major accident :lol:


What? I thought they'd won 15 over 16 races that season...
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

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Phoenix wrote:
karsten wrote:i have for long wondered if the F92A was actually inside regulations

Image

beside it being an ineffective design i don't think it would have been within rulements...


Why there's "Michael" written in the cockpit, I wonder?



More importantly, why is there "FREDDY" written on the other side? O_o
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

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A good non-F1 rule breaking example was in 1983 in NASCAR, by none other than team owner and driver Richard Petty. Back then, NASCAR ran an air pump to test for displacement. They would pump air through the engine and by knowing the volume of air pumped, and measuring the speed of the air over a period of time, they could calculate displacement. It wasn't too exact, but when you have 40 cars to check every week, they didn't have the time or manpower to tear down every engine. They would only do that if they had reason to suspect there were issues. So, they performed the cursory test on Petty's engine and all seemed well. Then, in the race, Petty's car noticeably ran around other cars. One racer complained Petty passed me "like I was tied to a post". So, NASCAR took a deeper look. Especially as Petty won that race.

In any event, Petty's brother, Maurice, was the engine builder and he had a plan that made the engine seem more limited in displacement than it actually was. The rules at the time stipulated 358 cu in. So, Maurice set wax on top of all 8 pistons to reduce overall displacement. After the engine passed the pre-race check, Richard ran the engine and in a few laps, the wax all melted away, leaving the true displacement at 382 cu in. This trick couldn't be caught unless the car was impounded after the race, and that almost never happened. Usually, the car was immediately loaded onto the transporter and they took off, like everyone else in the NASCAR circus.

Richard insisted he knew nothing and was only the driver, but Maurice eventually confessed and Petty racing was fined and stripped of points.
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

Post by ibsey »

Wizzie wrote:At no point that season was the Ligier going fast enough to have a major accident


Or maybe we are doing them an injustice. Perhaps Ligier reckonised that by placing the fuel tank in a more fragile position, the drivers wouldn't dare crash the car. :lol:


howardmb wrote:A good non-F1 rule breaking example was in 1983 in NASCAR, by none other than team owner and driver Richard Petty. Back then, NASCAR ran an air pump to test for displacement. They would pump air through the engine and by knowing the volume of air pumped, and measuring the speed of the air over a period of time, they could calculate displacement. It wasn't too exact, but when you have 40 cars to check every week, they didn't have the time or manpower to tear down every engine. They would only do that if they had reason to suspect there were issues. So, they performed the cursory test on Petty's engine and all seemed well. Then, in the race, Petty's car noticeably ran around other cars. One racer complained Petty passed me "like I was tied to a post". So, NASCAR took a deeper look. Especially as Petty won that race.

In any event, Petty's brother, Maurice, was the engine builder and he had a plan that made the engine seem more limited in displacement than it actually was. The rules at the time stipulated 358 cu in. So, Maurice set wax on top of all 8 pistons to reduce overall displacement. After the engine passed the pre-race check, Richard ran the engine and in a few laps, the wax all melted away, leaving the true displacement at 382 cu in. This trick couldn't be caught unless the car was impounded after the race, and that almost never happened. Usually, the car was immediately loaded onto the transporter and they took off, like everyone else in the NASCAR circus.

Richard insisted he knew nothing and was only the driver, but Maurice eventually confessed and Petty racing was fined and stripped of points.


A while ago, I heard a simliar story of rule bending in what I believe was a NASCAR race (although I can't remember where or when). It goes, that the race organiser wanted to check the ride height of every car whenever they took to the track. The easiest way to do this, was to install a concrete block at the end of the pitlane, that the cars had to run over each time they took to the track.

Anyway, one team/driver (again I can't remember the name, apologies) reckonised a way around this particular issue. They decided to freeze their suspension components at the required height in order to ensure the car could clear the concrete block in the pitlane, however once suspension defrosted out on track, it was set-up to be soft enough to return to a lower (default) ride height so they could illegally gain an advantage over the others.

Can't even remember if they were caught in the act or not, perhaps someone else can fill in the blanks.
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

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Another great NASCAR example was Bobby Allison figured out that his car could run faster if the rear bumper was missing for the 1982 Daytona 500. So his team therefore very loosely attached the rear bumper to where it would fall off very easily... and Allison won the race. Since there was no rule against that, he was not penalized and the victory stood, however I don't think NASCAR was too happy with the results of Bumpergate!

Ray Evernham once created a car that was so damn strong and bent so many rules that NASCAR basically told Hendrick Motorsports to never bring the car back to the track again after it dominated what is now the NASCAR All Star Race. The car has been affectionately been nicknamed "T-Rex", in part because of its paintjob (Jurassic Park) and its creator, Rex Stump. What made T-Rex so fast? Ground effects.
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

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Cynon wrote:
Phoenix wrote:
karsten wrote:i have for long wondered if the F92A was actually inside regulations

Image

beside it being an ineffective design i don't think it would have been within rulements...


Why there's "Michael" written in the cockpit, I wonder?



More importantly, why is there "FREDDY" written on the other side? O_o


Apparently it's Freddy Plangger and Michael Gabel. The former owns the car and the latter shares it with him occasionally. Gabel also owns a Ferrari 641 from 1990.
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Incredible car, brilliant idea. One of my favourites. Way too far ahead of its time.
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

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The car I was engineering in the 2003 ASCAR championship was disqualified twice for technical infringements 'not in the spirit of the regulations'. I found a couple of loopholes and the organisers didn't like it. Bastards.
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

Post by nigellamansell »

Really enjoying this thread....

How about the special "weight check rear wings" of the early 80s where a rear wing made of lead (or something similar) was bolted onto the car when it was time to go to the weighbridge?
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

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In 2008 weren't Renault suspicious of other engine manufactures (mainly Ferrari) eeking out performance through their "reliability upgrades". Thus acussing them of bending the rules at the very least.

I think this partly explained why the works Red Bull Team (powered by Renualt engines) fell behind the Torro Rosso team (powered by Ferrari) in the later half of 2008. However, I believe this practice was generally felt not to have, strictly speaking, contravened any regulations, therefore Renault ended up join in with this practice.

Also I remember reading an interview with Jean Alesi just prior to the 1998 season, where he believe that his former team Benetton were cheating because they switched from Goodyear tyres to Bridgestone, in a shock move, just prior to the start of the 1998 season. Therefore according to Jean, Benetton passed on their knowledge RE; 1998 spec Goodyear tyres to the Bridgestone people (hence Bridgestone's early season adavntage). Benetton did benefited from superior Bridgestone tyres in early 1998 & it took Goodyear until Canada (Round 7) to catch up.

It does also seem interesting just how many times Benetton / Renualt under the leadership of Flavio Britore, are appearing in this thread.
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

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mario wrote:Exactly - many of the examples that we have mentioned were those which were found out about - countless other ways will have got past the public and the FIA over the years. After all, with the rules as they are, one persons grey area will be what Roger Penske called "the unfair advantage" he always sought (i.e. ways that were not necessarily illegal going by the letter of the rules, but perhaps against the spirit of the rules whatever that may be judged to be).


When I was at uni, we had a one day lecture from a Dutch lawyer who specialised in motorsport law. Very interesting. We ran through some case studies, including some regarding the spirit and the letter of technical regulations, and some about crashes. There was a really interesting one where Cor Euser crashed into another guy at a Dutch Touring Car race in Zandvoort in 1999 and the stewards disqualified him. He appealed and the case ended up in the civil courts.
I've been on the receiving end of disqualifications for breaking the spirit of the regulations.
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

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Suppose we could also say that Ferrari asking Norberto Fontano to hold up JV during the crucial race at Jerez 1997, is also a case for breaking the spirit of the regulations. At the very least it is considered unsporting. I believe Norberto Fontano admitted his part in the Jerez 1997 ploy a couple of years ago.

Furthermore Ferrari did a simliar thing in Spa 1999 when they used Mika Salo, to hold up Ralf Schumacher for a couple of laps in order to assist Eddie Irvine. Also, then you have & Williams used Frentzen to hold up M Schumi for a few laps in Jerez 1997 (& a few other examples).

With team orders allowed this year, in theory, Ferrari could use Massa to hold up Vettel to help Alonso's title bid. Although in reality I be suprised to see this happen to the extreme of Eddie Irvine at Sukuka 1997. I think it would ruin Massa.
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

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Cynon wrote:i have for long wondered if the F92A was actually inside regulations

Image

beside it being an ineffective design i don't think it would have been within rulements...

It was within the rules at the time, since it still met the flat floor regulations, and the effect that they were trying to create is perhaps not too dissimilar to what Toro Rosso have tried to do with their current car.

Faustus wrote:Apparently it's Freddy Plangger and Michael Gabel. The former owns the car and the latter shares it with him occasionally. Gabel also owns a Ferrari 641 from 1990.
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Incredible car, brilliant idea. One of my favourites. Way too far ahead of its time.

I have to agree - the concept of what the design team were trying to achieve was quite interesting, and the current generation of cars with aggressively undercut side pods have been trying to follow on from the F92A, with Toro Rosso being visually the most similar. As you say, though, it was a very ambitious design, and given the state in which Ferrari were at the time, it's not unsurprising it was underdeveloped. After all, it was a pretty resource intensive concept, and it created a lot of packaging problems (with an excessively high and rearward centre of gravity) - although there were quite a few flaws with the car that went well beyond just the double floor.

nigellamansell wrote:Really enjoying this thread....

How about the special "weight check rear wings" of the early 80s where a rear wing made of lead (or something similar) was bolted onto the car when it was time to go to the weighbridge?

Ah yes - I believe that Alboreto referred to that once. He mentioned that the weight check wing took several mechanics to lift into place, and was so heavy that the rear suspension was riding on the stops all the way to the weigh bridge. However, for the race itself, that would be switched for a composite wing instead, visually identical to the weight check wing but substantially lighter.


Faustus wrote:
mario wrote:Exactly - many of the examples that we have mentioned were those which were found out about - countless other ways will have got past the public and the FIA over the years. After all, with the rules as they are, one persons grey area will be what Roger Penske called "the unfair advantage" he always sought (i.e. ways that were not necessarily illegal going by the letter of the rules, but perhaps against the spirit of the rules whatever that may be judged to be).


When I was at uni, we had a one day lecture from a Dutch lawyer who specialised in motorsport law. Very interesting. We ran through some case studies, including some regarding the spirit and the letter of technical regulations, and some about crashes. There was a really interesting one where Cor Euser crashed into another guy at a Dutch Touring Car race in Zandvoort in 1999 and the stewards disqualified him. He appealed and the case ended up in the civil courts.
I've been on the receiving end of disqualifications for breaking the spirit of the regulations.

That sounds like it must have been a fascinating lecture - and I can imagine that it must have brought back a few memories of those who were pushing the bounds of what was considered to be an acceptable design. It's rather funny in a way, that the rules of law can be so malleable depending on who judges what the intention of those laws is (and that goes right across the legal profession, not just within sporting realms), whilst the rules that most engineers work to - those of physics - tend to be less negotiable.
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

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Great thread, great thread, thanks everybody for making it so interesting.
I seem to remember in 1976 Mauro Forghieri fitted some huge fairings to the front wheels of the Ferrari 312T2. This was ostensibly made to "improve brakes cooling ducts". FIA officials didn't buy into it.
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

Post by mario »

The Mountain Man wrote:Great thread, great thread, thanks everybody for making it so interesting.
I seem to remember in 1976 Mauro Forghieri fitted some huge fairings to the front wheels of the Ferrari 312T2. This was ostensibly made to "improve brakes cooling ducts". FIA officials didn't buy into it.

The irony is, what he was doing then is no worse than what is happening now with the increasing number of winglets on the brake ducts in recent years (I think that it was Williams who first exploited this area).
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

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Another story around the early 1980's was that Colin Chapman, asked one of his mechanics to sneak into, I think, Parc Ferme one evening (just before a GP) & photograph the Williams (which was the leading car at the time). Somehow I don't think those actions were permitted within the regulations. Unsuprisingly the next year's Lotus car turned out to look rather like that year's Williams. Anyone know of any other good F1 spy stories?

Also in early 2001 (before the Spainish GP) IIRC Frentzen & maybe other a few other drivers were questioning whether the Ferrari had an illegal traction control device.

This was the reason why traction control was reintroduced at the Spainish GP, because the FIA felt what with the new complicated engine maps, the FIA couldn't police TC any more. Which to me suggests something was iffy amongst at least one of the teams. Also interesting is that when TC was reintroduced in Spain, out of all the top teams only Benetton & Ferrari, seemed to have their systems working straight away, without any problems. Read into that what you will.

Whislt on the subject of suspect/illegal TC. Does anyone know anymore detail about Ferrari's supposed illegal TC device in early 1994. Apparently in an interview during the Pacific GP, Nicola Larini accidentially reffered to a TC device within his car, which I think spark some kind of contraversey. Does any one know anymore on this?
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

Post by The Mountain Man »

Spy stories... there's a couple from motorcycle racing.
In 2004 some highly experimental tyres were stolen from a locked and guarded Michelin truck in a paddock during a BSB (British Superbike) race. At the time Michelin was using BSB to test advanced solutions which, if effective, would then be transferred to MotoGP in the following months. These tyres were to be used on Riyuchi Kiyonari's works Honda, which was itself used to test MotoGP solutions in advance. Michelin of course went completely ballistic over the issue, going as far as threatening to pull out of BSB completely.
About a month later mid-runner Makoto Tamada won the Brazilian MotoGP heat with embarrassing ease over big names such as Rossi. Tamada was racing as a "development rider" for Bridgestone and this was Bridgestone's first win. It doesn't take a genius to figure out which rumors started floating around...
The mother of all spy stories is, of course, the famous Degner affair.
MZ, the Eastern German motorcycle manufacturer, was all but dominant from 1958 in the smaller classes thanks to its superior two stroke engines. In 1961 one of their chief engineers and best pilots, Ernst Degner, "defected" to the West during the Swedish GP. Degner secured the escape of his family during the GP weekend (being in neutral Sweden he could not be arrested) and after the race escaped to West Germany by driving his Wartburg ( :mrgreen: ) to West Germany through Denmark. In November Degner was hired by Suzuki and moved to Japan.
It has since been debated if Degner brought with him the blueprints of the invincible MZ engines or, since he was a trained engineer with a hand in designing those same engines, he simply took his expertise to Japan. Whatever the case he proceeded to design a 50cc racer for Suzuki which he rode to victory at the 1962 IoM TT and which gave him the world championship in the same year.
This wasn't the first such case. In 1955 Yamaha introduced their first motorcycle, the YA1 Akatombo which proceeded to demolish the opposition on tracks in Japan. While everybody agrees the engine was heavily based (if not a downright copy) of an experimental DKW design which wasn't put in production due to the outbreak of WWII, there's still the question of how Yamaha got their hands on it.
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

Post by mario »

The Mountain Man , thank you for your insights into the world of motorcycle racing - I can imagine that the sudden upswing in performance of Tamada would have lead to a number of pretty acrimonious accusations, unsurprisingly.
Speaking of copying pre-WW2 technology, I believe that there has been a long standing rumour that the V16 supercharged 1.5L engine BRM designed in the 1950's was in fact derived from an experimental pre-war voiturette car by Auto Union. As I understand it, the rumour is probably false since the engine design of the voiturette appears to actually be quite different to that of BRM's design, and simply a case of convergent design.

ibsey wrote:Whislt on the subject of suspect/illegal TC. Does anyone know anymore detail about Ferrari's supposed illegal TC device in early 1994. Apparently in an interview during the Pacific GP, Nicola Larini accidentially reffered to a TC device within his car, which I think spark some kind of contraversey. Does any one know anymore on this?

Now, I know that this topic has come up before, but I can't remember when and where it did. Essentially, though, yes, the remarks that Larini made at the Pacific GP did lead some to think that Ferrari might have been using a form of traction control; as far as I am aware, though, the FIA did not manage to find conclusive proof that they were using traction control.
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

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ibsey wrote:Another story around the early 1980's was that Colin Chapman, asked one of his mechanics to sneak into, I think, Parc Ferme one evening (just before a GP) & photograph the Williams (which was the leading car at the time). Somehow I don't think those actions were permitted within the regulations. Unsuprisingly the next year's Lotus car turned out to look rather like that year's Williams. Anyone know of any other good F1 spy stories?


I have heard it said (but never seen the original source) that Harvey Postlethwaite, shortly before he died in 1999, admitted that he and some Ferrari mechanics had broken into the Williams garage at a German Grand Prix during this period in order to better understand what made the FW07 so effective.

Also in early 2001 (before the Spainish GP) IIRC Frentzen & maybe other a few other drivers were questioning whether the Ferrari had an illegal traction control device.


Frentzen had spent much of the 2001 Australian Grand Prix following Nick Heidfeld's Ferrari-engined Sauber, and was suspicious of its superior traction.

Whislt on the subject of suspect/illegal TC. Does anyone know anymore detail about Ferrari's supposed illegal TC device in early 1994. Apparently in an interview during the Pacific GP, Nicola Larini accidentially reffered to a TC device within his car, which I think spark some kind of contraversey. Does any one know anymore on this?


Ferrari was using a variable rev-limiter, which Charlie Whiting detected after listing to the cars trackside and asked the team to remove forthwith. Larini also allegedly mentioned "turning off the traction control" when speaking to the Italian media, but later denied it, and a Ferrari spokesman "clarified" the situation: "What Nicola should have said was 'power reduction'. Ferrari has a button with a number of different settings which can adjust the power. It is nothing new and it was explained to Charlie Whiting this weekend...It is not traction control."

In response, the FIA denied that the system had been approved, but did not punish Ferrari on the grounds that, since the system had only been run in a free practice session, the team gained no advantage by its use.
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

Post by ibsey »

Firstly I want to thank Midgrid, Mario & The Mountain Man, for their wonderful stories. This really is fascintating stuff indeed.

I suspose you could include the Mclaren 2nd Brake pedal photograph (shot when the Mclarens retired at Nurburgring in 1997) as another spy story.

mario wrote:Speaking of copying pre-WW2 technology, I believe that there has been a long standing rumour that the V16 supercharged 1.5L engine BRM designed in the 1950's was in fact derived from an experimental pre-war voiturette car by Auto Union. As I understand it, the rumour is probably false since the engine design of the voiturette appears to actually be quite different to that of BRM's design, and simply a case of convergent design.


You might be interested to learn Mario, that I think there is more info on this subject (or at least something very simliar) in a DVD documentary called "Secret Life of F1" (which was made circa 2002). In fact you might be able to find this Documentary on utube or somewhere simliar (sorry I don't have time now to search & post a link).

IIRC, they basically say that following WW2, Britian acquired all the plans & blueprints from the sucessful pre-war German racing cars & tried to re-build them, but for some reason (can't remember what that was now) they couldn't successful re-build those cars.

Unfortantely I'll be going away (travelling) for a few months, so its unlikely I'll find much time to post here in the meantime. But keep up the great stories / posts everyone, as will def be checking up from time to time.

Take care

Ibsey
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

Post by The Mountain Man »

Thanks Mario and Ibsey.
Britain did acquire a number of German designs as a form of "war reparations" in 1945-1946. The famous BSA Bantam motorcycle, which stayed in production for two decades and was a big profit turner, was in fact a German DKW design. As Bert Hopwood said in his memories "We wouldn't have built the Bantam if Germany hadn't designed it for us". The reasons Hopwood cites are very simple: the top management in the main British motorcycle groups of the era (Triumph, BSA, AMC etc) didn't see small displacement motorcycles as financially interesting, this despite the excellent sales figures of the Bantam and the good profits it generated. When the Italian and the Japanese started flooding the market with such products the (in)famous Ed Turner of Triumph even stated that the British motorcycle industry should have been thankful to the Japanese because they were building bikes "at a loss", bikes which would train riders who would eventually graduate to the bigger British machines. Turner was not present to the executive meeting where a Sales Manager (whose real task was to keep an eye out for what the competitors were doing) announced Honda would introduce a big 750cc machine the next year (1969). Again according to Hopwood there was a stunned silence, followed by genuine panic.
I don't know very much about the British car industry but if the motorcycle industry was anything to go by I guess the reason for not copying or at least study in depth the German designs didn't stem from technical issues (after all Rickman went on to build a telescopic front suspension which was even better than the genuine BMW article) but from the inscrutable way these British groups were managed. R&D departments were often dangerously underfunded, new designs were scrapped for no discernible reasons and the most profitable divisions were often left stripped of cash to cover the losses of other brands, to the point even buying parts to keep the production running became a balancing act.

Other racing motorcycles which were at the center of presumed spy scandals were the 1959 Honda RC142 and the 1960 Benelli 250 four cylinder racer.
The Honda was often said to be nothing more than a "scaled down" version of the NSU Rennmax (125cc vs 250cc), though this was not the case since from a strictly technical point of view the Honda was even more advanced than the NSU. In fact the Honda could trace back its ancestry to the Mondial Bialbero racer of 1957, one example of which (a works bike to be precise) was bought by Honda in 1958.
The Benelli was said to be a copy or a license version of the 1959 Honda RC160 four cylinder, which was only raced in Japan. Problem is Benelli had already built a four cylinder 250cc. It was an extremely advanced prototype, featuring water cooling and a supercharger, which was to have been raced in 1941. Sadly the war put everything on hold and when racing resumed supercharging was banned. Benelli didn't completely scrap the project and used several technical solution on the 1960 bike though, admittedly, it was nowhere near as advanced as their 1940 prototype.
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

Post by mario »

ibsey wrote:Firstly I want to thank Midgrid, Mario & The Mountain Man, for their wonderful stories. This really is fascintating stuff indeed.

I suspose you could include the Mclaren 2nd Brake pedal photograph (shot when the Mclarens retired at Nurburgring in 1997) as another spy story.

mario wrote:Speaking of copying pre-WW2 technology, I believe that there has been a long standing rumour that the V16 supercharged 1.5L engine BRM designed in the 1950's was in fact derived from an experimental pre-war voiturette car by Auto Union. As I understand it, the rumour is probably false since the engine design of the voiturette appears to actually be quite different to that of BRM's design, and simply a case of convergent design.


You might be interested to learn Mario, that I think there is more info on this subject (or at least something very simliar) in a DVD documentary called "Secret Life of F1" (which was made circa 2002). In fact you might be able to find this Documentary on utube or somewhere simliar (sorry I don't have time now to search & post a link).

IIRC, they basically say that following WW2, Britian acquired all the plans & blueprints from the sucessful pre-war German racing cars & tried to re-build them, but for some reason (can't remember what that was now) they couldn't successful re-build those cars.

Unfortantely I'll be going away (travelling) for a few months, so its unlikely I'll find much time to post here in the meantime. But keep up the great stories / posts everyone, as will def be checking up from time to time.

Take care

Ibsey

Thanks for the recommendation - I'm sure that there must be at least some extracts from that documentary on Youtube or a similar site, so I'll keep an eye out for it, because it sounds quite interesting.

midgrid wrote:
ibsey wrote:Another story around the early 1980's was that Colin Chapman, asked one of his mechanics to sneak into, I think, Parc Ferme one evening (just before a GP) & photograph the Williams (which was the leading car at the time). Somehow I don't think those actions were permitted within the regulations. Unsuprisingly the next year's Lotus car turned out to look rather like that year's Williams. Anyone know of any other good F1 spy stories?


I have heard it said (but never seen the original source) that Harvey Postlethwaite, shortly before he died in 1999, admitted that he and some Ferrari mechanics had broken into the Williams garage at a German Grand Prix during this period in order to better understand what made the FW07 so effective.

Yes, I've also heard the story about Ferrari supposedly breaking into the Williams garages and copying their designs - I think that it came up in an article in The Times during the Spygate scandal, when they discussed historic examples of industrial espionage. Unfortunately, though, it might be a touch difficult to find, especially since they switched to a subscription model - though it would be very interesting to find, since it had some very interesting examples of cheating, including quite a bit of detail about Chapman and his efforts to copy the FW07.

Now, from what I remember about the article, at one particular race in 1980, Lotus were really struggling to match the times that Williams were setting during the practise session - they were several seconds a lap off the pace. Andretti was arguing with Chapman over why that was; Andretti thought that it was the rocker spring set up, and Chapman thought it was the suspension geometry.
At this point, Chapman turned to his most senior mechanic (who gave his account of events), and said to him "Go measure their car", pointing towards the Williams garage. The mechanic laughed, thinking that he was joking; that stopped when Chapman threatened to fire him on the spot if he didn't go and spy on the Williams car.

Now, as chance would have it, during the practise session Alan Jones had spun the car and hit a barrier, lightly damaging his car. The marshalls had worked quickly to drag the car back to the pit lane before returning to their posts (the session was still under way), leaving the car unattended under a tarpaulin sheet. Dutifully, he measured the suspension system and what parts of the Williams he could see, and returned to his garage, whereupon Chapman said "You idiot - why didn't you measure the front too?"

Out again the mechanic went, and started measuring the front suspension of the car - at which point, Jones, having finally made his way back to the pits, caught the mechanic red handed (and gave him a thump around the ear, I think, for his troubles). As you can imagine, that lead to slightly strained relations between Frank Williams and Colin Chapman for a few races - Jones, however, found the whole affair much funnier.
At the next race, in front of the entire pit lane, Jones called the mechanic he'd caught forwards - and presented him with a builder's rule, with the words "You can use this, but don't let me catch you again" written across it by Jones...
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

Post by Faustus »

mario wrote:Thanks for the recommendation - I'm sure that there must be at least some extracts from that documentary on Youtube or a similar site, so I'll keep an eye out for it, because it sounds quite interesting.


It's still available on DVD. I've got it.
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

Post by mario »

Faustus wrote:
mario wrote:Thanks for the recommendation - I'm sure that there must be at least some extracts from that documentary on Youtube or a similar site, so I'll keep an eye out for it, because it sounds quite interesting.


It's still available on DVD. I've got it.

So it is - a quick search on Amazon has turned up a few copies, and fairly reasonably priced too. Well, soon as I get the chance, then I think that I might see if I can get myself a copy...
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

Post by Dj_bereta »

What about schumacher's controversial win at Silverstone 1998?
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

Post by Enforcer »

That was a case of Ferrari taking advantage of the FIA making a hash of issuing the penalty - they issued it more than 25 minutes after the incident he was penalised for and it was so close to the end of the race that they were supposed to add 10 seconds to his race time after the event rather than give him a stop and go. So Ferrari played some shenanagins by doing it on the last lap.

They ended up just rescinding it.
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

Post by ibsey »

Sorry to bump up an old thread by just came across a couple of other examples to post here.

During Murray Walker & Martin Brundle's commentary during the 2001 Spainish GP, they mentioned that M Schumi used to wear heavier than normal helmets at his weigh in during quali (where they check the weight of car & driver). Furthermore, according to Brundle, M Schumi also used to hide filled up water bottles in his pockets (presumably in 1992 when they were teammates). The net result of all of this meant M Schumi could run the car lighter than legally allowed for that 'extra' performance. I knew M Schumi was shifty, but that is a new low for me. :cry:

Also at the season opener in 1996 at Melbourne, there was lots of talk about whether the Jordan & Williams raised cockpit sides met the required high or not. Apparently other teams (lead by Ferrari) followed the letter of the law when designing their higher cockpit sides, where as Jordan & Williams interpeted the rules slightly differently to the other teams. Thus they were percieved to have gained from adopting what looked like lower cockpit sides.
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

Post by Bleu »

And then in the race Martin Brundle performed a real crash test for Jordan.
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

Post by TomWazzleshaw »

ibsey wrote:During Murray Walker & Martin Brundle's commentary during the 2001 Spainish GP, they mentioned that M Schumi used to wear heavier than normal helmets at his weigh in during quali (where they check the weight of car & driver). Furthermore, according to Brundle, M Schumi also used to hide filled up water bottles in his pockets (presumably in 1992 when they were teammates). The net result of all of this meant M Schumi could run the car lighter than legally allowed for that 'extra' performance. I knew M Schumi was shifty, but that is a new low for me. :cry:


Michael wasn't the only one to do it. If my memory is correct Brundle once said it was actually common practice in the 80s and 90s.
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

Post by mario »

Wizzie wrote:
ibsey wrote:During Murray Walker & Martin Brundle's commentary during the 2001 Spainish GP, they mentioned that M Schumi used to wear heavier than normal helmets at his weigh in during quali (where they check the weight of car & driver). Furthermore, according to Brundle, M Schumi also used to hide filled up water bottles in his pockets (presumably in 1992 when they were teammates). The net result of all of this meant M Schumi could run the car lighter than legally allowed for that 'extra' performance. I knew M Schumi was shifty, but that is a new low for me. :cry:


Michael wasn't the only one to do it. If my memory is correct Brundle once said it was actually common practice in the 80s and 90s.

There was also the time where he joked about drivers taking their water bottles onto the scales for the post race weigh in, where he said "They've stopped you doing that now, but if you happen to have drunk that water first, they can't do anything about it."
As you say, it's hardly surprising, and quite a few drivers used to try to bend and stretch the rules for the minimum weight as much as possible - Schumacher might perhaps have pushed the boundaries, but there will have been more drivers who would have also followed those tactics than the sport might want to admit to.
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

Post by Faustus »

Here is a link to a recent nice article on Racecar Engineering, for those who may have missed it. Most of what is discussed is not necessarily illegal, but all of it very clever:

http://www.racecar-engineering.com/arti ... top-speed/
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

Post by DanielPT »

http://www.formula1.com/news/interviews/2011/9/12582.html

In this interview, Bernie says the following about his times being Brabham team principal:

But back then, at the times of Brabham, I had a significant advantage. We were the masters of cheating and never got caught.



So different it was back then...
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

Post by mario »

DanielPT wrote:http://www.formula1.com/news/interviews/2011/9/12582.html

In this interview, Bernie says the following about his times being Brabham team principal:

But back then, at the times of Brabham, I had a significant advantage. We were the masters of cheating and never got caught.



So different it was back then...

I wonder, given that Christian Horner was also in the interview at the time, whether that was Bernie having a slight dig at Horner over the complaints that Red Bull have been pushing the boundaries on the track (the flexible front wing debate) and off it (with rumours, though never direct accusations, that Red Bull were abusing the terms of the Resource Restriction Agreement last year).

That said, Brabham were by no means the only team cheating at the time, though Gordon Murray was often quite creative in his interpretation of the regulations - was there not a famous figure (sadly I can't remember their name) who claimed that the teams in the 1970's were "rotten to the core", and that pretty much the entire grid were either cheating or abusing the rules?
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

Post by PLAYLIFE »

This is not breaking the rules, this is SMASHING them to pieces!!

Alistair Caldwell:
"Like other teams, we had been running underweight during qualifying and it had become an open secret. We arrived for the 1981 Argentine GP and the organisers told us that every car would be weighed every time it came into the pits. Any car which stopped out on the circuit would be impounded by marshals and, afterwards, would be escorted back to the pits to be weighed.

"We sent Nelson Piquet out, underweight. Nelson set pole and then his brakes failed. That was part of the script and the place for brake failure was prearranged. I got into a van with some of the mechanics and drove out to him. Sure enough, marshals were guarding the car. We got chatting, then it occurred to me that maybe we could sort out the problem by bleeding the brakes. That way, Nelson could get back to the pits, be weighed, and perhaps go out again.

"We asked the marshals politely if we could try that. They said it was no problem so off came the front and rear bodywork and a mechanic pumped the brake pedal while pouring in brake fluid. He went too far and we heard the sound of air being pumped - all according to plan.

"I threw a wobbler at the guy who was only a youngster. He was so surprised at the extent of my fury, even though he'd been expecting it, that he burst into tears. The marshals and the other mechanics were shocked and started to remonstrate with me. 'Hey, the kid doesn't deserve that', that sort of thing. I had all the marshals and mechanics at me, except for the guy disappearing over the barrier with the rear bodywork.

"At the end of the session, the car came in to be weighed when I noticed the rear bodywork was missing. With the new rear bodywork in place, two mechanics struggled under the weight, the car was suddenly legal."

Who was the owner of Brabham at the time? Bernie Ecclestone. Who was Brabham's Chief Mechanic? Charlie Whiting.
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Re: Historic examples of rule bending and breaking

Post by AdrianSutil »

:lol: what a story!
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